How to Install Linux Ubuntu OS: A Step-by-Step Guide
Installing Ubuntu OS is a straightforward process, whether you're switching from Windows or setting up a dual-boot system. Ubuntu offers a secure, customizable, and efficient computing experience. Now that you've successfully installed it, explore the many features and enjoy the world of open-source software!Linux Ubuntu is one of the most popular and user-friendly distributions of the Linux operating system. It is widely used for personal, educational, and professional computing due to its security, stability, and open-source nature. This guide will walk you through the step-by-step process of installing Ubuntu OS on your computer.
System Requirements for Ubuntu Installation
Before installing Ubuntu OS, ensure your system meets the minimum hardware requirements:
| Requirement | Minimum Specification | Recommended Specification |
|---|---|---|
| Processor | 2 GHz Dual-core CPU | 2+ GHz Quad-core CPU |
| RAM | 4 GB | 8 GB+ |
| Storage Space | 25 GB HDD/SSD | 50 GB+ SSD |
| Display | VGA capable of 1024×768 | Full HD 1920×1080 |
| Bootable Device | USB Flash Drive (4GB+) | USB Flash Drive (8GB+) |
"Ubuntu provides a free and open-source environment, making it a great alternative to Windows and macOS."
Step 1: Download Ubuntu ISO File
- Visit the official Ubuntu website.
- Select the latest Ubuntu LTS (Long-Term Support) version.
- Click Download to get the ISO file (usually around 2.5 GB).
Step 2: Create a Bootable USB Drive
You will need a USB drive (at least 8GB) and software to create a bootable installation media.
Using Rufus (Windows Users)
- Download and install Rufus.
- Insert the USB drive and open Rufus.
- Select the downloaded Ubuntu ISO file.
- Set Partition scheme to GPT (for modern systems) or MBR (for older systems).
- Click Start and wait for the process to complete.
Using Balena Etcher (Mac/Linux Users)
- Download and install Balena Etcher.
- Open the application and select your USB drive.
- Choose the Ubuntu ISO file and click Flash.
Step 3: Boot from the USB Drive
- Insert the bootable USB into your computer.
- Restart your computer and enter BIOS/UEFI settings by pressing F2, F12, DEL, or ESC (varies by manufacturer).
- In BIOS, go to Boot Order and select USB Drive as the primary boot device.
- Save and exit (F10), and the system will boot into the Ubuntu Installation Menu.
"Booting from a USB allows you to test Ubuntu before installing it on your computer."
Step 4: Install Ubuntu OS
- Select Try Ubuntu to test it or Install Ubuntu to begin installation.
- Choose Language and click Continue.
- Select Keyboard Layout and click Continue.
- Choose installation type:
- Normal Installation (includes office apps and media players).
- Minimal Installation (only essential software and a web browser).
- Check the additional options for installing third-party software (recommended for WiFi and graphics drivers).
Step 5: Partitioning and Disk Setup
You have three options:
1. Erase Disk and Install Ubuntu (Recommended for Beginners)
- Select this if you want a fresh installation (all data will be deleted).
2. Install Ubuntu Alongside Windows (Dual Boot)
- Ubuntu will be installed alongside Windows, allowing you to choose between them at startup.
3. Manual Partitioning (Advanced Users)
- Customize partitions manually (swap, root, home, etc.).
After choosing your option, click Install Now and confirm changes.
"If you want to dual-boot with Windows, ensure you create a separate partition for Ubuntu."
Step 6: Configure User Settings
- Select Your Time Zone.
- Enter Your Name, Computer Name, Username, and Password.
- Click Continue, and the installation will begin.
Step 7: Complete Installation & Restart
- Once installation is complete, you will see a prompt to Restart Now.
- Remove the USB drive and press Enter when prompted.
- Your system will boot into Ubuntu, and you can log in with your credentials.
Post-Installation Setup
Once Ubuntu is installed, perform the following tasks:
- Update your system
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sudo apt update && sudo apt upgrade -y - Install essential apps
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sudo apt install -y vlc gimp curl git - Enable additional drivers
- Go to Software & Updates > Additional Drivers
- Install proprietary drivers for better performance.
- Customize your desktop environment
- Change themes, icons, and wallpaper from Settings.
"Updating your system after installation ensures you have the latest security patches and software versions."
Happy Computing with Ubuntu